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									Module 4.2: Intrareligious Conflict During the Crusades - Humanities in Class Online Courses Forum				            </title>
            <link>https://humanitiesinclass.org/community/module-4-2-intrareligious-conflict-during-the-crusades/</link>
            <description>Humanities in Class Online Courses Discussion Board</description>
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							                    <item>
                        <title>Anna Komnene</title>
                        <link>https://humanitiesinclass.org/community/module-4-2-intrareligious-conflict-during-the-crusades/anna-komnene/</link>
                        <pubDate>Wed, 28 Feb 2024 21:07:40 +0000</pubDate>
                        <description><![CDATA[The article I read provided a comprehensive overview of Anna Komnene&#039;s life and her magnum opus, the Alexiad. Born into the Byzantine royal family, Anna&#039;s early life was marked by ambition a...]]></description>
                        <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><span>The article I read provided a comprehensive overview of Anna Komnene's life and her magnum opus, the Alexiad. Born into the Byzantine royal family, Anna's early life was marked by ambition and intrigue, including a failed attempt to secure the throne for her husband. Despite facing exile and the loss of her possessions, Anna found solace in writing her history, which became a significant primary source for Byzantine history. The Alexiad covers a wide range of topics, from familial politics to military campaigns, showcasing Anna's meticulous research and writing style. While she aimed for objectivity, Anna's deep affection for her father sometimes colored her portrayal of historical events, revealing the complex interplay between personal bias and scholarly endeavor in medieval historiography.</span></p>]]></content:encoded>
						                            <category domain="https://humanitiesinclass.org/community/module-4-2-intrareligious-conflict-during-the-crusades/">Module 4.2: Intrareligious Conflict During the Crusades</category>                        <dc:creator>Jesika Aghajanian</dc:creator>
                        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://humanitiesinclass.org/community/module-4-2-intrareligious-conflict-during-the-crusades/anna-komnene/</guid>
                    </item>
				                    <item>
                        <title>Book VIII, Section 1</title>
                        <link>https://humanitiesinclass.org/community/module-4-2-intrareligious-conflict-during-the-crusades/book-viii-section-1/</link>
                        <pubDate>Tue, 27 Feb 2024 04:23:16 +0000</pubDate>
                        <description><![CDATA[Book VIII, Section 1 is about Emperor Alexios finding out that the Scythians are sending a part of their army to Choerobacchi. Although Emperor Alexios had not rested in a week, he still was...]]></description>
                        <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><span style="font-weight: 400">Book VIII, Section 1 is about Emperor Alexios finding out that the Scythians are sending a part of their army to Choerobacchi. Although Emperor Alexios had not rested in a week, he still was very quick to assemble his troops for defense.There was a big difference between the number of people in each army. Emperor Alexios only had about 500 in his troops whereas there were about 6,000 Scythians. As a strategy, Emperor Alexios disguises himself and his troops as Scythians in their armor. With this strategy, he and his troops gain victory over the Scythians.</span></p>]]></content:encoded>
						                            <category domain="https://humanitiesinclass.org/community/module-4-2-intrareligious-conflict-during-the-crusades/">Module 4.2: Intrareligious Conflict During the Crusades</category>                        <dc:creator>Lou Inguito</dc:creator>
                        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://humanitiesinclass.org/community/module-4-2-intrareligious-conflict-during-the-crusades/book-viii-section-1/</guid>
                    </item>
				                    <item>
                        <title>The Alexiad - Book 9 - Parts 1-3</title>
                        <link>https://humanitiesinclass.org/community/module-4-2-intrareligious-conflict-during-the-crusades/the-alexiad-book-9-parts-1-3/</link>
                        <pubDate>Sun, 25 Feb 2024 04:11:26 +0000</pubDate>
                        <description><![CDATA[Book 9 – Parts 1-3
The Emperor traveled by foot to ensure that their lands were protected from outsiders.  He received word that a man named Tzachas wished to become Emperor and began a cam...]]></description>
                        <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Book 9 – Parts 1-3</p>
<p>The Emperor traveled by foot to ensure that their lands were protected from outsiders.  He received word that a man named Tzachas wished to become Emperor and began a campaign against him.  The emperor’s man Ducas was fighting Tzachas but had not been successful.  The emperor found out that Ducas had been fighting at dawn, and the sun had been in his eyes.  The emperor sent word to him not to fight until the sun had passed the meridian, and then he would be victorious.  After this, Tzachas did not want to continue fighting.  He was told he could leave but that he must not do harm to any of the Mityleneans.  Tzachas tried to take some of the Mityleneans with their wives and children captive  The emperor’s men were able to rescue the prisoners of war from Tzachas.</p>
<p> </p>
<p>A few days later, Calyces had seized Crete, but he was stopped and murdered.  Rhapsomes avoided battle, but when he finally engaged in it, he abandoned the fight, trying to find a ship to take him away.  He eventually took refuge in a church but was caught and brought back.</p>
<p> </p>
<p>Soon, Tzachas attacked and took possession of Smyrna.  The emperor planned to defeat him.  The sultan heard of this and set out for Tzachas whose foes were now approaching on land and by sea.  The sultan arrived and had dinner with Tzachas who drank too much.  The sultan killed him with his sword.</p>]]></content:encoded>
						                            <category domain="https://humanitiesinclass.org/community/module-4-2-intrareligious-conflict-during-the-crusades/">Module 4.2: Intrareligious Conflict During the Crusades</category>                        <dc:creator>Osena</dc:creator>
                        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://humanitiesinclass.org/community/module-4-2-intrareligious-conflict-during-the-crusades/the-alexiad-book-9-parts-1-3/</guid>
                    </item>
				                    <item>
                        <title>Book XI: The Nature of Frankish Combat, Peter the Hermit and the Discovery of the Holy Lance, and The Fall of Jerusalem</title>
                        <link>https://humanitiesinclass.org/community/module-4-2-intrareligious-conflict-during-the-crusades/book-xi-the-nature-of-frankish-combat-peter-the-hermit-and-the-discovery-of-the-holy-lance-and-the-fall-of-jerusalem/</link>
                        <pubDate>Sat, 24 Feb 2024 18:15:32 +0000</pubDate>
                        <description><![CDATA[Nature of Frankish Combat
In Sec. VI Anna spares no criticism of what she thinks of the nature of the Frankish heart in battle and mind in strategy. The knight is valiant in the attack and ...]]></description>
                        <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><strong>Nature of Frankish Combat</strong></p>
<p>In Sec. VI Anna spares no criticism of what she thinks of the nature of the Frankish heart in battle and mind in strategy. The knight is valiant in the attack and will rush into a battle but hardly has the physical stamina to last long or devise a defense against the ensuing counter attack. <em>"For the nation of the Franks in general is self-willed and independent and never employs military discipline or science, but when it is a question of war and fighting, anger barks in their hearts and they are not to be restrained; and this applies not only to the soldiers but to the leaders themselves for they dash into the middle of the enemies' ranks with irresistible force, especially if their opponents yield a little. But if the enemy with strategic skill often sets ambuscades for them and pursues them methodically, then all this courage evaporates. In short, the ranks cannot be resisted in their first attack, but afterwards they are exceedingly easy to master both because of the weight of their arms and from their passionate and irrational character."</em></p>
<p> </p>
<p><strong>Peter the Hermit and the Discovery of the Holy Lance</strong></p>
<p>Anna, I believe has to tow the line between pius Christianity and obvious plays at mythmaking. While she earlier relates the story of her father and the veil of the virgin Mary she makes a point to share the mighty warriors turn in their despair to the musings of the manipulative Peter the Hermit who apparently leads them to the Holy Lance that pierced Christ as he hung on the cross. Without saying it, it may be implied that the discovery was a ruse. <em>"</em><span><em>They obeyed the bishop's instructions. And after a few days the bishop... urged them to dig on the right side of the altar, and there  they would find the Holy Nail.' They did as he bade and as they did not find it, they returned all discouraged and announced that they had failed in their quest. He accordingly prayed still more earnestly and bade them conduct their search for the object more carefully. They again did his bidding and when they had found what they sought, carried it headlong to Peter, overcome with joy and awe."</em> T</span>he talisman combined with what she's expressed about the nature of the Frankish heart was enough to spur the crusaders to victory. <em>"The following day, they sallied out upon the Turks from a secret door... when the armies stood drawn up in squadrons on either side and were preparing for the shock of battle... they all shouted. "God with us! " and at full gallop... rode straight at Curpagan himself..."</em></p>
<p> </p>
<p><strong>The Fall of Jerusalem</strong></p>
<p>In all of the Alexiad the Frankish siege of Jerusalem occupies just two sentences giving cause the the argument that the event itself was a small blip of the the history of the Islamic/Byzantine story. <em>"They encircled  walls and made frequent attacks on them and besieged the  town and within one lunar month they took it and killed many of the Saracenic and Jewish inhabitants. When they had brought all into subjection and no one resisted them, they invested Godfrey with supreme authority by unanimous consent, and called him 'king.'</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
						                            <category domain="https://humanitiesinclass.org/community/module-4-2-intrareligious-conflict-during-the-crusades/">Module 4.2: Intrareligious Conflict During the Crusades</category>                        <dc:creator>Sam Knopik</dc:creator>
                        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://humanitiesinclass.org/community/module-4-2-intrareligious-conflict-during-the-crusades/book-xi-the-nature-of-frankish-combat-peter-the-hermit-and-the-discovery-of-the-holy-lance-and-the-fall-of-jerusalem/</guid>
                    </item>
				                    <item>
                        <title>Book 11 The First Crusade (1097-1104)</title>
                        <link>https://humanitiesinclass.org/community/module-4-2-intrareligious-conflict-during-the-crusades/book-11-the-first-crusade-1097-1104/</link>
                        <pubDate>Sat, 24 Feb 2024 05:29:14 +0000</pubDate>
                        <description><![CDATA[Book 11 The First Crusade (1097-1104)
During the First Crusade (1097-1104), the Crusaders captured many cities but also faced many challenges along the way.  The Emperor Alexios wanted to s...]]></description>
                        <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><span style="font-weight: 400">Book 11 The First Crusade (1097-1104)</span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400">During the First Crusade (1097-1104), the Crusaders captured many cities but also faced many challenges along the way.  The Emperor Alexios wanted to support them while at the same time he needed to protect his own empire.  The crusader Bohemund and Alexios made a pact that if he was able to take it, Bohemund would give Alexios the city of Antioch.  In the end, Bohemund broke his promise, betrayed the pact, and that caused Alexios to launch an attack on Bohemund in Antioch.  During the attack, Bohemund devised a plan to fake his own death and to be carried out of the city in a coffin.  The plan was a success and Bohemund was able to escape the city alive and well inside a coffin to the island of Corfu.  In the end, Bohemund threatened Alexios that he would return to the continent, gather the support of warlike men of Lombardy, the Latins, the Germans and the Franks.  They would return and eliminate him and his empire with bloodshed and murder.</span></p>]]></content:encoded>
						                            <category domain="https://humanitiesinclass.org/community/module-4-2-intrareligious-conflict-during-the-crusades/">Module 4.2: Intrareligious Conflict During the Crusades</category>                        <dc:creator>Christine Boyde</dc:creator>
                        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://humanitiesinclass.org/community/module-4-2-intrareligious-conflict-during-the-crusades/book-11-the-first-crusade-1097-1104/</guid>
                    </item>
				                    <item>
                        <title>Book III - The Alexiad</title>
                        <link>https://humanitiesinclass.org/community/module-4-2-intrareligious-conflict-during-the-crusades/book-iii-the-alexiad/</link>
                        <pubDate>Sat, 24 Feb 2024 03:57:06 +0000</pubDate>
                        <description><![CDATA[The portion of the Alexiad that I read was Book III, which describes the accession of Alexius, as well as interfamily power struggles. In it, the author talks about the Comneni gaining contr...]]></description>
                        <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The portion of the Alexiad that I read was Book III, which describes the accession of Alexius, as well as interfamily power struggles. In it, the author talks about the Comneni gaining control of the palace and sending over the niece's spouse, Michael, over to the emperor. Later, the emperor (Botaniates) was urged to endure tonsure to prevent a possible revolt from happening. The emperor refused and was very hesitant to pursue such a route. Lastly, the queen Maria chose to stay at the palace because she was in a foreign country without any family or friends. </p>]]></content:encoded>
						                            <category domain="https://humanitiesinclass.org/community/module-4-2-intrareligious-conflict-during-the-crusades/">Module 4.2: Intrareligious Conflict During the Crusades</category>                        <dc:creator>Damon Liang</dc:creator>
                        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://humanitiesinclass.org/community/module-4-2-intrareligious-conflict-during-the-crusades/book-iii-the-alexiad/</guid>
                    </item>
				                    <item>
                        <title>Book 1, section X: appearances versus realities</title>
                        <link>https://humanitiesinclass.org/community/module-4-2-intrareligious-conflict-during-the-crusades/book-1-section-x-appearances-versus-realities/</link>
                        <pubDate>Fri, 23 Feb 2024 15:31:12 +0000</pubDate>
                        <description><![CDATA[In this passage from the Alexiad, Anna Komnena contemplates illnesses and their causes, which may be internally generated or influenced by the environment. She suggests that the Romans’ over...]]></description>
                        <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>In this passage from the <span style="text-decoration: underline">Alexiad</span>, Anna Komnena contemplates illnesses and their causes, which may be internally generated or influenced by the environment. She suggests that the Romans’ overall weakness led to the plagues and turmoil. Primary among the Norman instigators was Robert Guiscard. He had the physical appearance of a strong, impressive leader. However, he came from a humble background. This disconnect led to his overbearing, tyrannical nature.</p>]]></content:encoded>
						                            <category domain="https://humanitiesinclass.org/community/module-4-2-intrareligious-conflict-during-the-crusades/">Module 4.2: Intrareligious Conflict During the Crusades</category>                        <dc:creator>Lisa Ruch</dc:creator>
                        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://humanitiesinclass.org/community/module-4-2-intrareligious-conflict-during-the-crusades/book-1-section-x-appearances-versus-realities/</guid>
                    </item>
				                    <item>
                        <title>Book XIV</title>
                        <link>https://humanitiesinclass.org/community/module-4-2-intrareligious-conflict-during-the-crusades/book-xiv/</link>
                        <pubDate>Thu, 22 Feb 2024 15:48:14 +0000</pubDate>
                        <description><![CDATA[In Book XIV, Anna Komnene covers feuds between the Byzantines and a variety of groups including the Franks, Turks, Cumans, and Manicheans. She chronicles how the peace that was arranged betw...]]></description>
                        <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><span style="font-weight: 400">In Book XIV, Anna Komnene covers feuds between the Byzantines and a variety of groups including the Franks, Turks, Cumans, and Manicheans. She chronicles how the peace that was arranged between Bohemond I of Antioch and the Emperor after the First Crusade via the Treaty of Devol was a great success. However, she also notes that Alexios ws forced to deal with the Franks for longer than he would have liked. Bohemond is killed in military skirmishes with the Turks, and his nephew Tancred became the ruler of Antioch in the aftermath. As a result of this feud, Komnene indicates that Alexius believed that the Franks had in fact shattered the arrangement that was holding the peace together, and as such, Alexius sent his Byzantine armies to fight against the Turks, which ultimately wound up pitting Alexios’ forces in direct confrontation with Tancred, but not before seeking the aid and support of others with lands surrounding Antioch after the Emperor’s plea to attacks Tancred directly was rejected by the Senate. Finally, Alexios receives news that the fleets of the Genoans, Pisa, and Lombardy are gathering to attack the sea coast, and so Alexios gathers his navies, allies, and spies to keep an eye on the situation and dispatch of the threats to the coastline.  </span></p>]]></content:encoded>
						                            <category domain="https://humanitiesinclass.org/community/module-4-2-intrareligious-conflict-during-the-crusades/">Module 4.2: Intrareligious Conflict During the Crusades</category>                        <dc:creator>Robert Walls-Thumma</dc:creator>
                        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://humanitiesinclass.org/community/module-4-2-intrareligious-conflict-during-the-crusades/book-xiv/</guid>
                    </item>
				                    <item>
                        <title>Alexiad Book 10::6 Peter the Hermit -Mark Herman</title>
                        <link>https://humanitiesinclass.org/community/module-4-2-intrareligious-conflict-during-the-crusades/alexiad-book-106-peter-the-hermit-mark-herman/</link>
                        <pubDate>Wed, 21 Feb 2024 21:19:48 +0000</pubDate>
                        <description><![CDATA[Anna Kommene recounts the episode of Peter the Hermit crossing into Asia from Europe after not heeding a warning to wait for reinforcements. She depicts Peter and the Normans as being rash, ...]]></description>
                        <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Anna Kommene recounts the episode of Peter the Hermit crossing into Asia from Europe after not heeding a warning to wait for reinforcements. She depicts Peter and the Normans as being rash, impulsive, "haughty," violent, and uncultured. This was quite a contrast to the Byzantines who were presented as cultured, measured, and more restrained. The Normans are presented as being extremely violent: tearing "children apart," impaling them on "wooden stakes," and roasting "them in fire." After capturing Helenopolis and plundering it, the Normans fought among themselves. The Normans fell victim to attacks from the Turks because lack of awareness and their greed for plunder. Anna clearly presented her views in this statement: "For the Latins are not only most fond of plunder . . . but when they give themselves to raiding any region for plunder, are also no longer obedient to reason, or any other check." Peter the Hermit had to be rescued by the Byzantine fleet which caused the Turks to flee. Anna presents her father, the Emperor, as thinking that it was "very wrong that Peter should be taken." While her views of the Europeans may have been exaggerated, the Europeans would have given plenty of reasons for her to form such views. Her accounts provide an extremely valuable primary source for the events of the Crusades.</p>]]></content:encoded>
						                            <category domain="https://humanitiesinclass.org/community/module-4-2-intrareligious-conflict-during-the-crusades/">Module 4.2: Intrareligious Conflict During the Crusades</category>                        <dc:creator>Mark Herman</dc:creator>
                        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://humanitiesinclass.org/community/module-4-2-intrareligious-conflict-during-the-crusades/alexiad-book-106-peter-the-hermit-mark-herman/</guid>
                    </item>
				                    <item>
                        <title>Book 1 From Alexius&#039; Youth to the Last Months of Botaniates&#039; Reign</title>
                        <link>https://humanitiesinclass.org/community/module-4-2-intrareligious-conflict-during-the-crusades/book-1-from-alexius-youth-to-the-last-months-of-botaniates-reign/</link>
                        <pubDate>Wed, 21 Feb 2024 06:04:29 +0000</pubDate>
                        <description><![CDATA[Anna introduces her father by stating he was part of the Roman Empire. A man who was remarkable and thrived off of danger. He was to join Emperor Diogenes on the extremely arduous campaign h...]]></description>
                        <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Anna introduces her father by stating he was part of the Roman Empire. A man who was remarkable and thrived off of danger. He was to join <span>Emperor Diogenes on the extremely arduous campaign he was conducting against the Persians. Alexius very anxious to join was denied because his mother had just lost her first born Manuel. Manuel was admired as he did many great achievements for their country. Later, Alexius did have an opportunity for battle served as lieutenant under the Emperor Michael Ducas against Roussel of Bailleul. She writes on how great and clever of a leader her father was and picked great men to fight against the barbarians. </span></p>]]></content:encoded>
						                            <category domain="https://humanitiesinclass.org/community/module-4-2-intrareligious-conflict-during-the-crusades/">Module 4.2: Intrareligious Conflict During the Crusades</category>                        <dc:creator>Nancy Tallas</dc:creator>
                        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://humanitiesinclass.org/community/module-4-2-intrareligious-conflict-during-the-crusades/book-1-from-alexius-youth-to-the-last-months-of-botaniates-reign/</guid>
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