In this passage from the Alexiad, Anna Komnena contemplates illnesses and their causes, which may be internally generated or influenced by the environment. She suggests that the Romans’ overall weakness led to the plagues and turmoil. Primary among the Norman instigators was Robert Guiscard. He had the physical appearance of a strong, impressive leader. However, he came from a humble background. This disconnect led to his overbearing, tyrannical nature.