The authors identify the harms of slavery, colonialism, neo-colonialism, apartheid, xenophobia, and exploitation/plundering economically and culturally. Key perpetrators include colonial governments, the Catholic Church, other western churches, corporations, and financial institutions. Victims include all Global Africans (anyone of African descent, no matter where they live now). Advocates for justice include Social Movements in the Global African Reparations Movement like the Global Pan African Movement, CARICOM Reparations Commission, NAARC, Africa Transitional Justice Legacy Fund, and more. They hope to achieve deeper learning and understanding of the issue through summits and commissions, concrete material economic benefits, the return of cultural artifacts and human remains, and the establishment of African communications and knowledge systems, among other things.

There are many connections between demands coming from Africa for justice for historical crimes and demands coming from Afro-descendants in the US and beyond. They converge in their desire to start with understanding the problem through commissions and studies, their desire to hold governments as well as corporations and financial institutions accountable, and their desire for material and cultural changes. They seem to diverge in this quote: "An important goal is to distinguish reparations from equitable, inclusive and ordinary public policy, and the narrow Black nativist lineage proposition." I am not totally sure what the "Black nativist lineage proposition" is, but I suspect it is the idea that reparations should consist mainly of direct descendants of enslaved people being financially compensated. This is narrow in that it does not encompass all Global Africans, but the document is sure to distinguish also that simply enacting good public policy doesn't count as reparations either, because it does not specifically address the harms done.